A person’s eyes do not stop working throughout their life – this is the organ through which a person receives basic information. But almost every person sooner or later has certain eye problems: vision deteriorates, various diseases and eye pathologies occur. The medical section deals with eye diseases – ophthalmology, which is divided into a number of areas: pediatric ophthalmology, military ophthalmology, oncophthalmology and neuroophthalmology. Eye operations are performed by ophthalmic surgeons. Each of these areas requires special research methods. Methods of modern eye diagnostics are well developed and identify various problems that have arisen with the organ of vision. Modern diagnostics allows you to accurately diagnose a variety of eye diseases in early development.

The first step in eye diagnosis

The first step in the diagnostic examination of the organs of vision is the examination of an ophthalmologist. The doctor will carefully examine the patient’s eyes and will definitely pay attention to the appearance of the eyeball, the condition of the eyelids, the width of the palpebral fissure, the symmetry of the eyes and the patient’s view of the surrounding objects. According to the characteristic signs, an experienced doctor will already be able to make a preliminary diagnosis, which will need to be confirmed with the help of further diagnosis with special instruments and research methods.

Modern methods for diagnosing eye diseases

The final diagnosis is helped by special diagnostic methods. These include: autorefractometry, biomicroscopy, non-contact measurement of intraocular pressure, retinal camera, ophthalmoscopy, ophthalmoscopy, retinal photosensitivity study, fluorescence agnography and radiography.

Autorefractometry (examination of the cornea of ​​the eye). This is a new method for detecting myopia , hyperopia and astigmatism using computer diagnostics, which takes no more than a few minutes.   

Biomicroscopy To conduct this study, a special device is used – a slit lamp. If you create a sharp contrast between the unlit and illuminated areas of the eye, you can explore its various tissues: to reveal the slightest changes in the structure of the eye, to detect the smallest foreign bodies and the smallest injuries of the eye. Using this method, glaucoma, cataract, trachoma and the appearance of various neoplasms in the early stages are diagnosed. This research method has no contraindications.

Non-contact measurement of intraocular pressure (pneumonometry). Intraocular pressure allows you to measure a trickle of air at which the eye does not come into contact with anything. Also, there are contact methods for measuring intraocular pressure.

Retinal chamber, allowing to examine the fundus. It refers to the equipment of a new generation. Using this method, you can get a color image of the fundus on the monitor or print it on a printer. This diagnosis allows you to detect glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, hypertension and other diseases.

Ophthalmoscopy This is also one of the methods for examining the fundus using an ophthalmoscope – a special eye mirror. Using this method, you can accurately assess the state of the retina and the vessels of the fundus.

Ophthalmochromoscopy is one of the varieties of ophthalmoscopy in which red, yellow, blue, redless, yellow-green or purple filters are used to identify details.

The study of photosensitivity of the retina (computer perimeter) is the latest diagnostic method that determines the photosensitivity of the retina.

Fluorescence angiography is an examination of the vessels of the eye, in which fluorescein is administered intravenously and a series of images is performed.

Each of the methods has been successfully applied in specialized clinics in order to diagnose various eye diseases in time and begin timely treatment.